Aerobic exercise such as running, swimming or dancing can act as a frontline treatment for mild depression and anxiety, researchers say. A large review published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine found the strongest benefits in young adults and new mothers.
Scientists analysed 63 reviews covering nearly 80,000 people. They found aerobic activities that raise heart rate produced the greatest reduction in depressive symptoms. Resistance training and yoga also helped, but to a lesser degree. Group and supervised exercise delivered extra benefits, suggesting social connection plays a key role.
Neil Munro of James Cook University said exercise can sometimes match or exceed traditional treatments for mild cases. Short, low-intensity programmes may be especially helpful for anxiety.
Experts urged caution for more severe depression. King’s College London researcher Brendon Stubbs said exercise should complement, not replace, therapy or medication when clinically needed. Prof Michael Bloomfield of University College London agreed that group activities can help some people, but many with severe symptoms may struggle to participate.
